pkgs/test/stdenv/default.nix: add gcc-stageCompare

This commit adds a derivation `gcc-stageCompare` to
`pkgs/test/stdenv/default.nix`.

It is important to always build this derivation whenever building
`stdenv`!  Because we are using a Nix-driven bootstrap instead of
gcc's built-in `--enable-bootstrap`, the `gcc` derivation no longer
performs the post-self-compilation sanity check.  You must build
this derivation in order to perform that sanity check.

The major benefit of this new approach is that the sanity check
(which involves a third compilation of gcc) can be performed
*concurrently* with all packages that depend on `stdenv`, rather
than serially.  Since `stdenv` has very little derivation-level
parallelism it cannot take advantage of more than one or perhaps two
builders.  If you have three or more builders this commit will
reduce the time-to-rebuild-stdenv by around 20% (one of three gcc
rebuilds is removed from the critical path, and stdenv's build time
is dominated by roughly 3*gcc + 1*binutils + 1*bison-test-suite).

Co-authored-by: Sandro <sandro.jaeckel@gmail.com>

nixos/release-small.nix

@@ -81,7 +81,8 @@ in rec {
       stdenv
       subversion
       tarball
-      vim;
+      vim
+      tests-stdenv-gcc-stageCompare;
   };
 
   tested = let
@@ -131,6 +132,7 @@ in rec {
         "nixos.tests.proxy"
         "nixos.tests.simple"
         "nixpkgs.jdk"
+        "nixpkgs.tests-stdenv-gcc-stageCompare"
       ])
     ];
   };

pkgs/development/compilers/gcc/common/checksum.nix

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 , nukeReferences
 , langC
 , langCC
+, runtimeShell
 }:
 
 let

pkgs/test/stdenv/gcc-stageCompare.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# This test *must* be run prior to releasing any build of either stdenv or the
+# gcc that it exports!  This check should also be part of CI for any PR that
+# causes a rebuild of `stdenv.cc`.
+#
+# When we used gcc's internal bootstrap it did this check as part of (and
+# serially with) the gcc derivation.  Now that we bootstrap externally this
+# check can be done in parallel with any/all of stdenv's referrers.  But we
+# must remember to do the check.
+#
+
+{ stdenv
+, pkgs
+, lib
+}:
+
+assert stdenv.cc.isGNU;
+with pkgs;
+# rebuild gcc using the "final" stdenv
+let gcc-stageCompare = (gcc-unwrapped.override {
+      reproducibleBuild = true;
+      profiledCompiler = false;
+      stdenv = overrideCC stdenv (wrapCCWith {
+        cc = stdenv.cc;
+      });
+    }).overrideAttrs(_: {
+      NIX_OUTPATH_USED_AS_RANDOM_SEED = stdenv.cc.cc.out;
+    });
+in (runCommand "gcc-stageCompare" {} ''
+  diff -sr ${pkgs.gcc-unwrapped.checksum}/checksums ${gcc-stageCompare.checksum}/checksums && touch $out
+'').overrideAttrs (a: {
+  meta = (a.meta or { }) // { platforms = lib.platforms.linux; };
+})

pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix

@@ -33898,6 +33898,8 @@ with pkgs;
 
   testssl = callPackage ../applications/networking/testssl { };
 
+  tests-stdenv-gcc-stageCompare = callPackage ../test/stdenv/gcc-stageCompare.nix { };
+
   lavalauncher = callPackage ../applications/misc/lavalauncher { };
 
   t-rec = callPackage ../misc/t-rec {

pkgs/top-level/release-small.nix

@@ -150,5 +150,5 @@ with import ./release-lib.nix { inherit supportedSystems nixpkgsArgs; };
   xfsprogs = linux;
   xkeyboard_config = linux;
   zip = all;
-
+  tests-stdenv-gcc-stageCompare = all;
 } ))